Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: <i>Relevance to AI Methodology</i>

Bryan Kerman

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15

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Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: Relevance to AI Methodology

Bryan Kerman^*

Published in International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 1)

Received: 1 August 2024 Accepted: 20 November 2024 Published: 23 December 2024

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Abstract

The concept of entropic forces is introduced to demonstrate a new method to calculate the convective state of a cluster in rain clouds, associated with hurricanes and tornados. A derivation of these internal cloud forces, involving the ratio of the angular speed and terminal velocity of rotating clouds, compared to convectivity, which characterizes the ratio of latent heating and dissipation rates, has been shown to adequately characterize a hurricane’s state. The existence and properties of the entropic forces driving the associated dynamics are shown to reveal the interactive conditioning of the individual clouds by the ratio of rotational momentum, and that of the release of heat upon condensation, to that by turbulent dissipation. The method requires a microwave/millimeter radar to locally compute the foundational properties before derivation of the overall hurricane state. Statement of Importance: A potential link between AI and entropic forces has been suggested by others. By the definition, offered by IBM ‘Artificial intelligence, or AI, is technology that enables computers and machines to simulate human intelligence and problem-solving capabilities’. In this paper, it is demonstrated that there is a computational algorithm which translates remotely sensed, strongly convectivity imagery into a numerical statement of ‘hurricane state’, and one which further uses simple mathematical statements of deduced forces in radar imagery. It is further deduced that the current AI computation of hurricane state from a GOES satellite should be extended to isolate radial flow in such rotating areas. It may also be that such areas have a locally different radiational temperature associated with local overshooting within a cluster.

Published in	International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15
Page(s)	52-56
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Hurricane, Entropic Forces, Rotation, Convectivity, Artificial Intelligence

References

[1]	Bister, M., and K. A. Emanuel: Dissipative heating and hurricane intensity. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 65, 233–240, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01030791
[2]	Craig, G. C. and J. M. Mack: A coarsening model for self-organization of tropical convection. J. Geophys. Res., Atmospheres, 118, 8761–8769, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50674
[3]	Dvorak, V., 1984: Tropical cyclone intensity analysis using satellite data. NOAA Tech. Rep. NESDIS 11, 45 pp., http://satepsanone.nesdis.noaa.gov/pub/publications/tropical/
[4]	Emanuel, K. A. and M. Bister: Moist convective velocity and buoyancy scales. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3276–3285, 1996.
[5]	Guimond, S, R., Bourassa M. A, P. D. Reasor: A latent retrieval, its effects on the intensity and structure change of Hurricane Guilleimo (1997); Part 1 The algorithm and observations, J. Atmos. Sci., 68(8), 22021.
[6]	Holloway, G.: Entropic Forces in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics. Entropy, 11(3), 360-383, 2009. https://doi.org/10.3390/e11030360
[7]	Kerman, B. R: Convectivity and Rotation of Entropicly Defined Clusters as a Measure of Hurricane and Tornado State. ARXIV: 2311.14728. Submitted to Int. J. Atmos. Oceanic Sci.
[8]	R. M. Neumann: Entropic approach to Brownian movement. Am. Journal Physics. 48 (5): 354–357, 1980 https://doi.org/10.1119/1.12095
[9]	Pauluis, O., and I. Held: Entropy Budget of an Atmosphere in Radiative–Convective Equilibrium. Part II: Latent Heat Transport and Moist Processes. J. Atmos.. Sci., 59, pp 140-149, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2002)059%3c0125:eboaai%3e2.0.co;2
[10]	Ruzmaikin, A, and A. Guillaume, C.: Clustering of atmospheric data by the deterministic annealing. J. Atmos. Terrestrial Physics, 120, 121-131, 2014.
[11]	Simpson, J.: Use of the gamma distribution in single-cloud rainfall analysis. Mon. Weather Review, 4, 100-103, 1972.
[12]	Wikipedia. Artificial Intelligence. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/artificial_intelligence
[13]	Wikipedia: Entropic Force. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/entropic_force
[14]	Wimmers, A. J., S. Griffin, and C. Velden: A U-Net Retrieval of Tropical Cyclone Inner-Core Wind Fields from Microwave and Infrared Satellite
[15]	Wissner-Gross, A. D., C. E. Freer, Causal Entropic Forces. Physical Review Letters. 110 (16), 2013. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.168702

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Kerman, B. (2024). Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: Relevance to AI Methodology. International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 8(1), 52-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15

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ACS Style

Kerman, B. Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: Relevance to AI Methodology. Int. J. Atmos. Oceanic Sci. 2024, 8(1), 52-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15

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AMA Style

Kerman B. Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: Relevance to AI Methodology. Int J Atmos Oceanic Sci. 2024;8(1):52-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15,
  author = {Bryan Kerman},
  title = {Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: Relevance to AI Methodology
},
  journal = {International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {52-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijaos.20240801.15},
  abstract = {The concept of entropic forces is introduced to demonstrate a new method to calculate the convective state of a cluster in rain clouds, associated with hurricanes and tornados. A derivation of these internal cloud forces, involving the ratio of the angular speed and terminal velocity of rotating clouds, compared to convectivity, which characterizes the ratio of latent heating and dissipation rates, has been shown to adequately characterize a hurricane’s state. The existence and properties of the entropic forces driving the associated dynamics are shown to reveal the interactive conditioning of the individual clouds by the ratio of rotational momentum, and that of the release of heat upon condensation, to that by turbulent dissipation. The method requires a microwave/millimeter radar to locally compute the foundational properties before derivation of the overall hurricane state. Statement of Importance: A potential link between AI and entropic forces has been suggested by others. By the definition, offered by IBM ‘Artificial intelligence, or AI, is technology that enables computers and machines to simulate human intelligence and problem-solving capabilities’. In this paper, it is demonstrated that there is a computational algorithm which translates remotely sensed, strongly convectivity imagery into a numerical statement of ‘hurricane state’, and one which further uses simple mathematical statements of deduced forces in radar imagery. It is further deduced that the current AI computation of hurricane state from a GOES satellite should be extended to isolate radial flow in such rotating areas. It may also be that such areas have a locally different radiational temperature associated with local overshooting within a cluster.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: Relevance to AI Methodology

AU  - Bryan Kerman
Y1  - 2024/12/23
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15
T2  - International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
SP  - 52
EP  - 56
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1150
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15
AB  - The concept of entropic forces is introduced to demonstrate a new method to calculate the convective state of a cluster in rain clouds, associated with hurricanes and tornados. A derivation of these internal cloud forces, involving the ratio of the angular speed and terminal velocity of rotating clouds, compared to convectivity, which characterizes the ratio of latent heating and dissipation rates, has been shown to adequately characterize a hurricane’s state. The existence and properties of the entropic forces driving the associated dynamics are shown to reveal the interactive conditioning of the individual clouds by the ratio of rotational momentum, and that of the release of heat upon condensation, to that by turbulent dissipation. The method requires a microwave/millimeter radar to locally compute the foundational properties before derivation of the overall hurricane state. Statement of Importance: A potential link between AI and entropic forces has been suggested by others. By the definition, offered by IBM ‘Artificial intelligence, or AI, is technology that enables computers and machines to simulate human intelligence and problem-solving capabilities’. In this paper, it is demonstrated that there is a computational algorithm which translates remotely sensed, strongly convectivity imagery into a numerical statement of ‘hurricane state’, and one which further uses simple mathematical statements of deduced forces in radar imagery. It is further deduced that the current AI computation of hurricane state from a GOES satellite should be extended to isolate radial flow in such rotating areas. It may also be that such areas have a locally different radiational temperature associated with local overshooting within a cluster.

VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Bryan Kerman

Retired, Ontario, Canada

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kerman, B. (2024). Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: Relevance to AI Methodology. International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 8(1), 52-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15

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ACS Style

Kerman, B. Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: Relevance to AI Methodology. Int. J. Atmos. Oceanic Sci. 2024, 8(1), 52-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15

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AMA Style

Kerman B. Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: Relevance to AI Methodology. Int J Atmos Oceanic Sci. 2024;8(1):52-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15,
  author = {Bryan Kerman},
  title = {Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: Relevance to AI Methodology
},
  journal = {International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {52-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijaos.20240801.15},
  abstract = {The concept of entropic forces is introduced to demonstrate a new method to calculate the convective state of a cluster in rain clouds, associated with hurricanes and tornados. A derivation of these internal cloud forces, involving the ratio of the angular speed and terminal velocity of rotating clouds, compared to convectivity, which characterizes the ratio of latent heating and dissipation rates, has been shown to adequately characterize a hurricane’s state. The existence and properties of the entropic forces driving the associated dynamics are shown to reveal the interactive conditioning of the individual clouds by the ratio of rotational momentum, and that of the release of heat upon condensation, to that by turbulent dissipation. The method requires a microwave/millimeter radar to locally compute the foundational properties before derivation of the overall hurricane state. Statement of Importance: A potential link between AI and entropic forces has been suggested by others. By the definition, offered by IBM ‘Artificial intelligence, or AI, is technology that enables computers and machines to simulate human intelligence and problem-solving capabilities’. In this paper, it is demonstrated that there is a computational algorithm which translates remotely sensed, strongly convectivity imagery into a numerical statement of ‘hurricane state’, and one which further uses simple mathematical statements of deduced forces in radar imagery. It is further deduced that the current AI computation of hurricane state from a GOES satellite should be extended to isolate radial flow in such rotating areas. It may also be that such areas have a locally different radiational temperature associated with local overshooting within a cluster.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rotation, Convectivity and Hurricane State Determined by Entropic Forces: Relevance to AI Methodology

AU  - Bryan Kerman
Y1  - 2024/12/23
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15
T2  - International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
SP  - 52
EP  - 56
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1150
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaos.20240801.15
AB  - The concept of entropic forces is introduced to demonstrate a new method to calculate the convective state of a cluster in rain clouds, associated with hurricanes and tornados. A derivation of these internal cloud forces, involving the ratio of the angular speed and terminal velocity of rotating clouds, compared to convectivity, which characterizes the ratio of latent heating and dissipation rates, has been shown to adequately characterize a hurricane’s state. The existence and properties of the entropic forces driving the associated dynamics are shown to reveal the interactive conditioning of the individual clouds by the ratio of rotational momentum, and that of the release of heat upon condensation, to that by turbulent dissipation. The method requires a microwave/millimeter radar to locally compute the foundational properties before derivation of the overall hurricane state. Statement of Importance: A potential link between AI and entropic forces has been suggested by others. By the definition, offered by IBM ‘Artificial intelligence, or AI, is technology that enables computers and machines to simulate human intelligence and problem-solving capabilities’. In this paper, it is demonstrated that there is a computational algorithm which translates remotely sensed, strongly convectivity imagery into a numerical statement of ‘hurricane state’, and one which further uses simple mathematical statements of deduced forces in radar imagery. It is further deduced that the current AI computation of hurricane state from a GOES satellite should be extended to isolate radial flow in such rotating areas. It may also be that such areas have a locally different radiational temperature associated with local overshooting within a cluster.

VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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